![]() ![]() ![]() Grosse: Morphometry of subaerial shield volcanoes and glaciovolcanoes from Reykjanes Peninsula, Iceland: Effects of eruption environment. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 282, (2014), 115-133. ^ Ari Trausti Guðmundsson, Pétur Þorsteinsson: Íslensk fjöll.Īn excellent view over a big part of Reykjanes Peninsula and Faxaflói is to be expected from the top in good weather. At the top, a guestbook can be found within a box. There is a hiking trail leading up on the mountain from ENE. from Reykjavík, but also from sea, it was used as a landmark by fishermen and seamen for many centuries. Landmark Īs the mountain is easily recognized from afar, eg. Also similar are their rocks – mafic lapilli tuff (in Icelandic: móberg). Interestingly, similar tectonics, rift zones, are behind both expressions of volcanism: the West Antarctic Rift System on the one hand, and in the case of Keilir the Reykjanes Rift as part of the rift zones crossing Iceland. And the tuff cone from Victoria Land, Antarctica, is placed next to known granitic plutonic complexes and seems to be a parasitic cone of a stratovolcano, whereas Keilir is located adjacent to presently active volcanic systems and looks as if it were placed on top of the shield volcano Þráinskjöldur, though the last one is younger than the subglacial formation. Additionally, the Antarctic cone is much older (around 640 000 years), whereas Keilir is up to 100 000 years old. The Antarctic cone did lie under a polar ice sheet and not a temperate glacier as was the case with Keilir. Smellie and other scientists newly discovered a similar monogenetic subglacial tuff cone within the ice of Antarctica and could determine the thickness of ice which covered the vent during eruption. Comparison to an Antarctic subglacial tuff cone Ice thickness and more exact time of eruption in the case of Keilir are not known, just that it took place during the Pleistocene ( Weichselian). In the top region of Keilir, there is a small cap of lava (area of lava cap 0,020 km2 ) which could mean that the volcanic mountain is a tuya (the lava being from subaerial eruptions at the end of the eruption series) or perhaps just represents a volcanic plug (the lava cooled and plugged up the vent). When such an eruption is continued over a longer time span, the water in the end does not reach the vent(s) any more and lava begins to flow. With time, the tephra built up a hill and small elongated mountain over the vent(s). Tephra set down in layers into the subglacial lake. The water very soon touched the magma within the vent and caused explosive activity. When stratigraphy is considered in detail, it tells about the different parts of this eruption: The eruption thawed the glacier ice and formed a subglacial lake in which the volcano continued to develop. Eruptions under the Weichselian glaciers on Reykjanes Peninsula Except the cone, also some small subglacially formed hills to the north are results of this eruption. Keilir was formed during a subglacial fissure eruption which concentrated in the end at one vent. 1.2 Comparison to an Antarctic subglacial tuff cone.1.1 Eruptions under the Weichselian glaciers on Reykjanes Peninsula.For a more stunning panorama, it is also recommended to come at night! The sparkling lights of nearby settlements are seen beautifully from up there. Plus, the mountainous views welcome everyone once arriving at the top of the hill. After all, there is a Pine Forest located near to the site. Photography becomes the next reason why many people visiting Puncak Kelir. ![]() Another impressive feature is the presence of a campground located in some parts of the site. If you come early in the morning, you can witness the stunning sunrise! What about the facilities? There is a gazebo located on the top of it, so tourists can rest and relax while watching those panoramas. Moreover, Rawa Pening Lake is also seen beautifully from up there. Even the sea of clouds can be seen clearly during a good weather! As for other views, you can see Merbabu and Telomoyo Mountain. It resides on 715 meters above the sea level, so it comes with refreshing air and superb panoramas. Puncak Kelir is the part of Kelir Mountain. ![]()
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